For practical verification in a workshop, engineers use measurement over balls (or pins). A verified PDF provides the formula or constant values (M1 and M2) for calculating the measurement over 2 balls (internal) or 3 wires (external) according to DIN 5480-2.
Since measuring tooth thickness directly is difficult, DIN 5480 documents typically provide verification via: din 5480 spline dimensions pdf verified
Defined as: dref = z * m
Where z = number of teeth, m = module.
Verification check: Confirm the PDF’s reference diameter table aligns with this formula for at least three z values. For practical verification in a workshop, engineers use