Legitimate, free English translations of Nyaya Sutras and commentaries are available in the public domain. Recommended sources:
Wisdom Library
Google Books
Exotic India Art (for scholarly reprints) – but free PDFs are available on the above.
Recommended primary text for your paper:
The Nyaya Sutras of Gotama (English translation by Satish Chandra Vidyabhushana, 1913 – or Ganganath Jha, 1919). nyaya darshan pdf in english
If you cannot find a high-quality Nyaya Darshan PDF in English, consider these printed or digital alternatives that have been converted to eBook formats:
Before clicking on a download link, it is crucial to understand the subject matter. Nyaya, which translates to "method," "rule," or "judgment," is the Indian school of logic. Unlike Western logic that focuses purely on syllogistic form, Nyaya is deeply soteriological—its ultimate goal is to liberate the soul through valid knowledge. Legitimate, free English translations of Nyaya Sutras and
Title:
Epistemology and Logic in Nyaya Darshan: A Study of the Nyaya Sutras
Abstract (approx. 150 words):
Nyaya Darshan, one of the six orthodox (Astika) schools of Indian philosophy, is primarily concerned with the means of acquiring valid knowledge (pramana) and the logic of argumentation. Founded by Sage Gautama (Akshapada), the Nyaya Sutras (circa 2nd century BCE) establish a system of sixteen categories (padarthas), including the four pramanas: perception (pratyaksha), inference (anumana), comparison (upamana), and verbal testimony (shabda). This paper outlines the epistemology, metaphysics, and logical methodology of Nyaya, highlighting its theory of inference (vyapti–invariable concomitance) and its refutation of skepticism. The Nyaya framework for debate (vada) influenced Indian jurisprudence, hermeneutics, and later Buddhist logic. The paper concludes that Nyaya Darshan remains relevant for contemporary epistemology, artificial intelligence, and argumentation theory. Wisdom Library
8. The Twelve Prameyas
9. Self and Liberation